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While this is technically correct (the best kind of correct!), and @TheAntipopulist's post did imply an exponential growth (i.e. linear in a log plot) in compute forever, while filling your light cone with classical computers only scales with t^3 (and building a galaxy-spanning quantum computer with t^3 qbits will have other drawbacks and probably also not offer exponentially increasing computing power), I do not think this is very practically relevant.
Imagine Europe ca. 1700. A big meteor has hit the Earth and temperatures are dropping. Suddenly a Frenchman called Guillaume Amontons publishes an article "Good news everyone! Temperatures will not continue to decrease at the current rate forever!" -- sure, he is technically correct, but as far as the question of the Earth sustaining human life is concerned, it is utterly irrelevant.
I am not sure that anchoring on humans for what can be achieved regarding energy efficiency is wise. As another analogy, a human can move way faster under his own power than its evolutionary design specs would suggest if you give him a bike and a good road.
Evolution worked with what it had, and neither bikes nor chip fabs were a thing in the ancestral environment.
Given that Landauer's principle was recently featured on SMBC, we can use it to estimate how much useful computation we could do in the solar system.
The Sun has a radius of about 7e8 m and a surface temperature of 5700K. We will build a slightly larger sphere around it, with a radius of 1AU (1.5e11 m). Per Stefan–Boltzmann, the radiation power emitted from a black body is proportional to its area times its temperature to the fourth power, so if we increase the radius by a factor of 214, we should increase the reduce the temperature by a factor of sqrt(214), which is about 15 to dissipate the same energy. (This gets us 390K, which is notably warmer than the 300K we have on Earth, but plausible enough.)
At that temperature, erasing a bit will cost us 5e-21 Joule. The luminosity of the Sun is 3.8e26 W. Let us assume that we can only use 1e26W of that, a bit more than a quarter, the rest is not in our favorite color or required to power blinkenlights or whatever.
This leaves us with 2e46 bit erasing operations per second. If a floating point operation erases 200 bits, that is 1e44 flop/s.
Let us put this in perspective. If Facebook used 4e25 flop to train Llama-3.1-405B, and they required 100 days to do so, that would mean that their datacenter offers 1e20 flop/s. So we have a rough factor of Avogadro's number between what Facebook is using and what the inner solar system offers.
Building a sphere of 1AU radius seems like a lot of work, so we can also consider what happens when we stay within our gravity well. From the perspective of the Sun, Earth covers perhaps 4.4e-10 of the night sky. Let us generously say we can only harvest 1e-10 of the Sun's light output on Earth. This still means that Zuck and Altman can increase their computation power by 14 orders of magnitude before they need space travel, as far as fundamental physical limitations are concerned.
TL;DR: just because hard fundamental limitations exist for something, it does not mean that they are relevant.
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