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I don't think there is any evidence either way. AI Safety is more like a marketing phrase. AI Safety-ists haven't produced technical tools to control anything but public perception, and obviously not very well there either. Depending on your classification, Safety-ists have produced methods to try and understand models under the hood, I know Anthropic does research on this, or to understand biases in data/training. I suppose RLHF could count as a technical tool, but it can just as clearly be a tool for anti-safety considering even RLHF-ed models still do "unsafe" things, one could actually say only RLHF-ed AI models have done unsafe things. Mostly because RLHF is just a method for avoiding specifying the objective function in RL training. Constitutional AI is Anthropic's big thing, but it doesn't appear to actually "control" or "align" so much as create a training surface towards norms with dubious results.
It's not even possible to align a being of your intelligence or possibly slightly less intelligent than you. Nobody in the history of authoritarianism has figured out a foolproof way to "align" a set of beings over a long term 100% of the time even with religion or use of force. Considering neither of those two are likely to work on a being "more intelligent than you", the whole alignment idea feels doomed to fail.
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