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Notes -
I have been thinking about this a lot recently. There's always a discussion that goes like this:
"50% of Group X think Group Y are partially responsible for Group X violence against Group Y. But, only 3% of Group X would be willing to actually commit violence against Group Y."
Group Xer: "See, that proves Group X is 97% peaceful."
Group Yer: "See, that proves that 50% of Group X is violent."
I have always tried to lean toward the former interpretation. Citizens of fascist or communist tyrannies who supported and participated in their regime are AFAIK never seen as completely blameless. And as the violence becomes more egregious, it gets harder and harder to believe it.
The way I see a situation of X and Y there is that a Group Xer has an obligation to think about it the latter way, and a Group Yet has an obligation to think about it the former way, at least if getting at the truth is a priority. Because, as you pointed out, the pattern shows that such people will almost always be biased in the other way, anyone in that situation who trusts his base judgment on this is untrustworthy as a seeker of truth.
A lot of the conversation, I've noticed, has to do with trying to label that 47% that's not peaceful but not violent. Too many people try to cast advocacy for violence as a form of violence when, of course, advocacy for something isn't the same as that thing. But it could be morally just as bad to call for violence as it is to commit violence. Could, but also maybe not. Which is inconvenient if you want to claim half your outgroup are bloodthirsty monsters. So a Group Yer can't afford to show nuance around words and violence and must elide between the two. OTOH, a Group Xer will wiggle and wiggle and wiggle until the wiggle room is a gap that you could pass the Milky Way through. They'll split every hair, pick every nit, look at everything in every possible angle and degree of squinting until they can convince themselves that these people are justified in calling for violence or condoning violence in this particular case (which is every case).
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