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People who try to keep objects in the air properly stratified by altitude. And as a bit player on the outside, oh the things I've seen.
Does it only matter to those people when they're relying on GPS coordinates or something like that, or to anybody trying to keep things at a certain attitude in general?
The latter would be surprising to me. Like, did pilots in the 1950s have to think very carefully about Earth's exact shape?
My field is drone airspace management, so this is mostly a concern with drones using GPS to autopilot. In a recent region of interest, the difference between the WGS84 ellipsoid and the EGM geoid was about 100 feet of altitude. So if people weren't on the same page, there could be drones up each other's asses while they are supposed to be stratified by altitude. GPS is natively in the WGS84 ellipsoid system for altitude, but that doesn't mean your specific GPS system nor the things you have digesting that data and sending it along the chain aren't converting it to something else. I don't process raw GPS, so I can't personally attest to this "fact". Lots of people tell me their GPS outputs EGM or MSL.
Now, I'm not a pilot from the 50's, but I believe their analog instruments for altitude worked off of barometric pressure and were calibrated against MSL. I believe every increasingly sophisticated EGM geoid model is attempting to match more precisely the reference frame of observed MSL. Generally pilots think in MSL because if you ever look up the altitude of an airport, it's reported in MSL. But like I said, not a pilot, just my observations from the outside.
I have witnessed relentless confusion, to just not even having an awareness that there is a difference, between the WGS84 ellipsoid and MSL/EGM geoids. Especially, but not limited to, between the old world of manned aviation and the new world of drone aviation. When things like this happen I'm amazed it doesn't happen every fucking day from the shit I've seen. I don't know where the government is hiding all the competence.
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Before GPS (and to some extent still), pilots used barometric altimeters, which would be set based on local observations.
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