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Transnational Thursday for December 11, 2025

Transnational Thursday is a thread for people to discuss international news, foreign policy or international relations history. Feel free as well to drop in with coverage of countries you’re interested in, talk about ongoing dynamics like the wars in Israel or Ukraine, or even just whatever you’re reading.

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The US says it had a "seizure warrant" for it. What does that mean? Was the vessel subject to US laws at any point, violated them, and this is the result? The US says that the tanker is sanctioned. What does this mean?

The United States issued a number of sanctions in 2022 related to the transfer of Iranian-originated oil in violation of US law. The Skipper, then operating as the Adisa, was one of the ships in question. See here for another example.

The seizure warrant is sealed, unsurprisingly, but it's almost certainly issued based on further evidence that the ship was being used to transport oil to sanctioned countries.

There's some messy legal philosophy stuff involved, here; the actual behaviors are not new.

I think the fact that tankers seem to be moving oil between Iran and Venezuela is interesting by itself: both are (historically) oil producers. Has Venezuela's production fallen far enough that they're importing it? Or is this an attempt to launder Iranian oil as Venezuelan, which seems a marginal change in sanctions regimes? Is this crude oil or refined products?

The vessel, which has been previously been registered to (let's say for the sake of argument) more reputable owners, is listed as a crude oil tanker. Normally they do not also carry refined liquids, as gasoline is much more volatile and requires different handling.

It was not necessarily running between Iran and Venezuela with oil. The AIS shows them running oil all over the place, but they have also been accused of AIS spoofing, including location/destination data.

There's some messy legal philosophy stuff involved, here; the actual behaviors are not new.

'It's not illegal is a lawful president does it; it is illegal if Trump does it' would be a take on how it's being presented. Here is a 2020 Biden administration seizure of an Iranian vessel, and Obama administration naval seizures, also Iranian related.

The novelty here is the Iranian connection in the context of the ongoing US military buildup / gunboat diplomacy off of Venezuela. The seizure is quite plausibly pretextual, even if it turns out to be informationally accurate / procedurally legal under US law.