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Notes -
Your first link brings up an interesting question for me when it says the Irish controlled the Church in America. Why is this? All the Catholic Colleges in America seem to be Irish dominant. Maybe I am forgetting some colleges. I am likely solving my own question but it’s still an interesting question.
Counters: Italians controlled more cultural and educational capital in the old world.
St John’s is the only Catholic school of note that the AI is telling me is Italian dominated though still founded by the French.
I think English-speaking, unlike other European Catholic immigrants, and had an advantage by getting into power and clinging on to it in the face of organised opposition. See Tammany Hall. This meant an alliance between the clergy and the secular powers, to protect rights of the Irish against that opposition and broader anti-Catholicism in society (see Dagger John Hughes):
There was also a heavy emphasis on integrating into mainstream American society, to show that you were 'as good as the rest of them' and that was easier for the Irish since they didn't stand out like the Italians, Poles, etc. The Germans had a lot of trouble due to the First World War and were forced to integrate, such force didn't have to be applied to the Irish:
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