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I think they stopped breeding and got overtaken by the lower classes (many historians remark on this). Then before industrialization the opposite occurred. It looks like a demographic cycle as in population ecology.
What seems impossible for you is not impossible for all. I believe with sufficient modern modeling and data that it is possible to know on this topic. It is unwise to rush to declare ignorance is all we are capable of here.
Orthodox christianity did this. Gnosticism is compatible enough with the idea that man is smart enough to take over creation:
From Apocrypha of John:
Because souls transmigrate, it is possible to come back around if you assign some kind of value to this creation, which many do. In orthodox christianity, scientists just burn in hell for investigating yahweh.
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