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Culture War Roundup for the week of May 5, 2025

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In preparation for the currently ongoing papal conclave, I decided to read the official rules currently in force, UNIVERSI DOMINICI GREGIS, issued by John Paul II in 1996. The document contains this provision (emphasis added):

”In the present historical circumstances, the universality of the Church is sufficiently expressed by the College of one hundred and twenty electors, made up of Cardinals coming from all parts of the world and from very different cultures. I therefore confirm that this is to be the maximum number of Cardinal electors

Seems simple enough right?

Whoops.

”On Wednesday afternoon, under the gaze of Michelangelo’s frescoes, the 133 cardinals taking part in the 2025 conclave entered the Sistine Chapel.”

Here I was, a schmuck, reading the canonically promulgated apostolic constitution as if it mattered, as if the supposed men of God involved in this 2000-year-old institution might care about established procedures.

Sure, Francis could have changed the rules, as many popes have done throughout the centuries, but he didn’t. He either didn’t notice or didn’t care, and neither did anyone else with influence within the Vatican either. How am I supposed to take this seriously if the cardinals and popes don’t even take it seriously?

I wish Christianity were true. I really do. It would certainly make my dating life easier. I’d have a sense of purpose in life, defined rules of virtue to follow, but it just doesn’t make any actual sense. The inconsistency I cited above is relatively minor, but it is illustrative of what one finds everywhere when one digs into the claims of Christianity and treats them with the truth-preserving tools of logic. Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus and Vatican II, Matthew 24:34, these are fundamental truth claims that can’t be handwaved away like the finer points of ecclesiastical law.

If you're gonna clutch your pearls, dude, read up on the differences between dogma, doctrine, and discipline. Also that bureaucratic norms can be changed without it being "ZOMG they're re-writing the Gospels!!!!"

Pope Benedict XVI made changes to the proceedings in the Apostolic Letter Normas Nonnullas:

With the Apostolic Letter De Aliquibus Mutationibus in Normis de Electione Romani Pontificis, issued Motu Proprio in Rome on 11 June 2007, the third year of my Pontificate, I established certain norms which, by abrogating those laid down in No. 75 of the Apostolic Constitution Universi Dominici Gregis, promulgated on 22 February 1996 by my Predecessor Blessed John Paul II, reinstated the traditional norm whereby a majority vote of two thirds of the Cardinal electors present is always necessary for the valid election of a Roman Pontiff.

Please take note of the term "in the present historical circumstances". Golly gee wow, it's not 1996 anymore! We have not always had 120 cardinal electors, or 130, or however many are making you have a fit of the vapours.

Fun fact which people are riffing off now regarding past conclaves (and after Trump's portrait of himself as the pope), the conclave of 1268-1271 which ended up electing a guy who wasn't even ordained, much less present, as pope Gregory X:

The committee chose an Italian from Piacenza, Teobaldo Visconti, a non-cardinal, who was then in Acre with the retinue of Edward (the eldest-son of Henry III of England) as papal legate to the Ninth Crusade. Informed of his election, Visconti departed on 19 November 1271 and reached Viterbo on 12 February 1272, where he took the name Gregory X. He entered Rome on 13 March 1272 and was ordained a priest on 19 March 1272. He was consecrated a bishop and crowned on 27 March 1272 in St. Peter's Basilica.

I don't know if you're Catholic or just another person taking the opportunity to be shocked, shocked! about something or other to do with the Church, but I'm getting fed up of this carry-on. "Oh no, the people who claim to be divinely infallible have done something that contradicts each other! I am going to keel over in a faint from the shock!" Changes to the process have taken place over the centuries. The number of electors depends on how many current cardinals aged under 80 are present; you could have one million cardinals in the College and only 50 under 80 who would be eligible to be electors. Right now we have more cardinals under 80 alive to be electors, but that will change over the next few years as cardinals age out and die. This is not a matter of infallible teaching ex cathedra under the authority of the sacred Magisterium! It's election rules and tweaking the civil service!

Maximum number of electors

The total size of the college lost its significance when Paul VI decided to allow only cardinals under the age of 80 to vote in a conclave from 1971 onward. In 1975, Paul set the maximum number of those under 80, the cardinal electors, at 120. His next consistory in 1976 brought the number of cardinal electors to its full complement of 120.

All of Paul's successors have at times exceeded the 120 maximum, except for Pope John Paul I, who did not hold any consistories during his very short pontificate. Pope John Paul II reiterated the 120 maximum in 1996, yet his appointments to the college resulted in more than 120 cardinal electors in four of his nine consistories, reaching a high of 135 in February 2001 and again in October 2003.

Three of Pope Benedict XVI's five consistories resulted in more than 120 cardinal electors, the high being 125 in 2012. Pope Francis exceeded the limit in all 10 of his consistories, reaching as high as 140 in December 2024.

Straighten out your theology and then make an informed comment. Forgive me if I sound grumpy, I'm irritated right now by (a) those who are not Catholic or even Christian sticking their oar in for point-scoring purposes, even if they have no intention at all of being involved in religious practice and (b) the perennial liberals who want the Church to hurry up, get with the times, and elect the pope who will ordain trans non-binary furry queer female married priests.

those who are not Catholic or even Christian sticking their oar in for point-scoring purposes

If this were Judaism, Shinto, Hinduism, or any other religion that isn't explicitly trying to convert the entire world, I would agree. But for the big two globalist religions, Christianity and Islam, I reserve the right to comment on their internal affairs and air my grievances. These religions will affect me whether I like it or not, because their followers will be trying to convert me either with relentless badgering from Christians or actual violence from Muslims. I shouldn't have to waste my time becoming "informed" about catholic theology before having an opinion that the Pope should be more liberal and open-minded.

On the one hand, yeah, the Church puts forth its opinions and does affect the secular world. So it does affect non-Catholics. On the other hand, people who have no intention whatsoever of stepping foot inside a church but want Catholicism to change to fit with Current Secular Thing (last time was gay, probably now is trans, next time furries? poly? who can say?) may express an opinion as to how if only, if only, this little teeny thing was different they would totally rush down for baptism tomorrow - and I can disbelieve them.

I can complain about the US President of the day, because he has outsize power on what affects my nation, but I don't get to tell Americans "well if you all just scrapped the way you do elections and do it by my preferred system, then I'd be ever so happy. No, I don't have a vote in American elections and don't live in America, but I should still be able to tell you to change to suit me".