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@self_made_human made the point downthread that “Yudkowsky's arguments are robust to disruption in the details.” I think this is a good example of that. Caring about simulated copies of yourself is not a load-bearing assumption. The Basilisk could just as easily torture you, yes, you personally, the flesh and blood meatbag.
No, it can't, because it doesn't exist.
The Basilisk argument is that the AI, when it arrives, will torture simulated copies of people who didn't work hard enough to create it, thus acausally incentivizing its own creation. The entire point of the argument is that something that doesn't exist can credibly threaten you into making it exist against your own values and interests, and the only way this works is with future torture of your simulations, even if you're long-dead when it arrives. If you don't care about simulations, the threat doesn't work and the scenario fails.
Granted, this isn't technically a Yudkowskian argument because he didn't invent it, but it is based on the premises of his arguments, like acausal trade and continuity of identity with simulations.
@Quantumfreakonomics seems to imply a much simpler and shorter -term Basilisk, like a misaligned GPT-5 model (or an aligned one from Anthropic) that literally sends robots to torture you, in the flesh.
It's a variant of I have no mouth and I must scream scenario, and I would argue it's at least plausible. It's not very different from normal political dynamics where the revolutionary regime persecutes past conservatives; and our theory of mind allows to anticipate this, and drives some people to proactively preach revolutionary ideals, which in turn increases the odds of their implementation. You don't really need any acausal trade or timeless decision theory assumptions for this to work, only historical evidence. As is often the case, lesswrongers have reinvented very mundane politics while fiddling with sci-fi fetishes.
Now one big reason for this not to happen is that a sufficiently powerful AI, once it's implemented, no longer cares about your incentives and isn't playing an iterative game. It loses nothing on skipping the retribution step. Unlike the nascent regime, it also presumably doesn't have much to fear from malcontents.
But assumption of perfect inhuman rationality is also a big one.
I really recommend reading the «I have no mouth and I must scream», or at least the synopsis.
Condescension is merited if you're asking for it; I mentioned IHNMAIMS in my post and this scenario is materially different from «you might be tortured and killed by a crazy person» in that it posits biological immortality.
I happen to think that a superintelligent being will at the very least be able to greatly prolong the life of its victim, this doesn't conflict with any part of our understanding of «the matter at hand» (we're pretty sure that a healthy brain can outlive the body if you provide it a decent environment). And of course this conjecture, while unproven, is vastly less far-fetched than continuity of identity between a human and a simulacrum built from indirect evidence.
I do think that a rationally acting misaligned superintelligent AI, which is not a nonsense concept, will not see a reason to engage in spiteful behavior a la Basilisk, and also that the specific sort of irrationality that would make it spiteful is highly improbable to emerge as a result of AI research. But it's not logically absurd, in the way that timeless decision theory powering the vanilla Basilisk is; and if it were for some reason interested in that sort of stuff, I think it'd have been able to torture humans for at least centuries. It'd probably also be able to upload humans or construct random simulations and torture them, for whatever reason.
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