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What is the longest golden age that we know of? We have the five good emperors of Rome around 80 years. The Pax Britannica was around 50-80 years. Pax americana - 1944-1969 - 25 years and probably something like 1986-2001.
You are using the terms in a narrower sense than normal. The Pax Romana is traditionally defined from the ascension Augustus in 27 BC to the death of Marcus Aurelius in 180 AD, 206 years. The Pax Britannica from the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 to the start of World War I in 1914, 99 years. And the Pax Americana from the end of World War II in 1945 until the Current Year, 80 years and counting.
Especially good periods seem to last about a decade; the Roaring Twenties can be dated from the end of World War I in 1918 to the start of the Great Depression in 1929, while the 90s range from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 to September 11, 2001. Not sure how to date the 50s, though.
The 50s began on August 15, 1945, and ended on October 6, 1973. They got an extra 20 years out of that especially good period, and it was not merely "especially good" but exceptional, because the Americans were the only real winner in a major global-but-off-continent conflict (the Second European Civil War).
What is the significance of October 6, 1973? Googling gives me the Yom Kippur war, which is irrelevant to what was largely a US domestic phenomenon.
I think the "fifties" end with the rise of large-scale resistance to the Vietnam draft, which was somewhat earlier. The "sixties" are generally accepted to have begun in 1968 and continued into the 1970's, and 1968 is also about the right date for the end of the "fifties" by my definition.
This, it was rather big deal at the time.
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