This is the Quality Contributions Roundup. It showcases interesting and well-written comments and posts from the period covered. If you want to get an idea of what this community is about or how we want you to participate, look no further (except the rules maybe--those might be important too).
As a reminder, you can nominate Quality Contributions by hitting the report button and selecting the "Actually A Quality Contribution!" option. Additionally, links to all of the roundups can be found in the wiki of /r/theThread which can be found here. For a list of other great community content, see here.
A few comments from the editor: first, sorry this is a little late, but you know--holidays and all. Furthermore, the number of quality contribution nominations seems to have grown a fair bit since moving to the new site. In fact, as I write this on January 5, there are already 37 distinct nominations in the hopper for January 2023. While we do occasionally get obviously insincere or "super upvote" nominations, the clear majority of these are all plausible AAQCs, and often quite a lot of text to sift through.
Second, this month we have special AAQC recognition for @drmanhattan16. This readthrough of Paul Gottfried’s Fascism: Career of a Concept began in the Old Country, and has continued to garner AAQC nominations here. It is a great example of the kind of effort and thoughtfulness we like to see. Also judging by reports and upvotes, a great many of us are junkies for good book reviews. The final analysis was actually posted in January, but it contains links to all the previous entries as well, so that's what I'll put here:
Now: on with the show!
Quality Contributions Outside the CW Thread
@Tollund_Man4:
Contributions for the week of December 5, 2022
@problem_redditor:
Sexulation
@problem_redditor:
Holocaustianity
Coloniazism
Contributions for the week of December 12, 2022
@Titus_1_16:
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"This is the sense in which, post-2010s, all marriages are gay marriages."
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"Oppression makes brutes of a people, and the oppressor ends up riding a tiger."
@YE_GUILTY:
Contributions for the week of December 19, 2022
@To_Mandalay:
Jump in the discussion.
No email address required.
Notes -
It is absolutely true that the strongest territory of the Revisionists follows from - is there evidence that what mainstream historiography claims happened actually happened? - and that speaks volumes... You will not enter that territory because you clearly know enough about the debate to know that mainstream historiography cannot answer the Revisionist case. So you will prefer the comfortable corner of relying on some data points from the NKVD on a tumultuous demographic question, in order to handwave the large body of Revisionist scholarly work and a suspicious lack of evidence for what is being claimed.
The most recent edition of Sanning's work is 2015. The "Holocaust Handbooks" are meant to provide a definitive Revisionist position on various issues, so updating Sanning's work is entirely appropriate especially since his core arguments were not addressed in the mainstream response. For example, whereas Sanning spent 20 pages explaining the problem of the demographic development of Polish Jewry in the years 1931-1939, the mainstream response only deals with it in two sentences:
The mainstream response does not engage or acknowledge Sanning's argument, it just makes the extrapolation that Sanning argued is invalid.
Likewise the mainstream response overtly made no effort to distinguish between Jews who died in the Soviet Union outside the German sphere of occupation:
You can make a moral case for this catch-all approach, even including Red Army soldiers or those who perished in Stalin's custody as "Holocaust victims", but the mainstream methodology further confounds the issue in determining German policy and an alleged mass gas chamber extermination based on their study. The mainstream study makes no effort quantify these various categories.
Sanning's observations regarding the evacuation of Polish Jews into the Soviet Union relies on entirely mainstream sources, and was widely reported within Zionist circles. Per the mainstream response to Sanning, any of those Jews that died for any reason, even those that never came under German occupation, are counted as "Holocaust victims" which confounds the controversies under discussion.
The mainstream response to Sanning also did not contain a single section on the problem of Jewish post-war emigration from Europe. It doesn't mention the large-scale migration after the war which has become known as a modern Exodus.
This is to say, a new volume would be largely a restatement of Sanning since his work has withstood the mainstream response.
Revisionists were the first ones to enter the demographic debate. Meanwhile, mainstream historians, like you, maintain a policy of categorically refusing to acknowledge or engage Revisionist technical arguments which have been proven correct in many important cases.
Sanning's estimate for the pre-war Jewish population of Poland is way too low. His analysis doesn't even mention that nearly half of Jewish births in pre-war Poland went unregistered, so his conclusion that death rate surpassed birth rate is unsustainable.
He has 100,000 Jews leaving Poland every year between 1933 and 1939, based on a single cite from the Institute for Contemporary History in Munich in the early 50s. I cannot access the primary source, but I am unaware of any other source with numbers this high. In *Social and Political History of the Jews in Poland 1919-1939," by Joseph Marcus, drawing on a variety of sources, estimates roughly 150,000 Jewish emigrants from Poland between 1931 and 1939. Half of these went to Palestine, which had displaced the US as the primary destination of Polish Jews, so there is no room for extra hundreds of thousands of Polish Jews floating around the rest of the world.
Sanning cites Polish government statistics between 1934 and 1937 as showing 75,527 Jewish emigrants from Poland, but discards them as a "worthless" underestimate. For roughly the same period (1932 to 1936), Marcus cites a little more than 85,000. It is believable that the Polish authorities might miss 10,000 or so illegal emigrants, but it is not really believable that they would undercount Jewish emigration by a factor of more than five, as Sanning needs for his thesis to work.
Sanning doesn't really provide any grounds for removing 700,000 Jews from the standard estimate of Polish Jewish population in 1939.
@Stefferi by the way, I don't know if you've ever heard of or read this book, but if you are interested in demography it is a pretty interesting look at Polish Jewry in the inter-war years.
From the 1958 publication of “Opinion of the Institute for Contemporary History”:
This is a mainstream source. You can cite other sources but you are just affirming the uncertainty of the problem...
The heavily-urbanized Hungarian Jewish population also experienced considerable excess deaths over births after 1927, reaching 0.5% annual decrease in 1938 (Sanning p. 33). On the other hand, the Mainstream source extrapolates the excess births over deaths of Polish Jews from the 1931 census as a constant through 1939, despite the sharp demographic decline which was measured within these heavily urbanized Hungarian Jews during the same period. It would also be unusual to assume constant high-fertility during a period of high emigration due to the push factors described above. Sanning's estimation tracks with data in Hungary, whereas the Mainstream study assumes no decline at all in fertility during this period. Sanning's methodology is clearly superior on this front.
Finally, Sanning and Revisionsits do not claim that these numbers or the sources provided are definitive. The entire purpose is to demonstrate the variance and uncertainty, and Revisionists are able to do so using entirely mainstream sources.
It's also worth recognizing here the controversial 1939 Soviet census:
So the Soviets said that "officially" the 1937 population should have been 170-172 million, so the real 1937 census that showed a population of 162,000,000 was a conspiracy by "enemies of the people" which was squashed by the "brave NKVD" in the statistical bodies. Of course these adjustments are considered to be false and motivated by propaganda purposes.
This is proof of Soviet manipulation of population data. It's desperate that anyone would treat population numbers coming from the NKVD post-war, even internal numbers, as beyond reproach.
It is the only source I am aware of that gives a number anywhere near as high as 100,000 per year for Polish Jewish emigration. The other sources say lower, and much lower.
Again, Sanning cites Polish government data as stating that between 1934 and 1937, 75,527 Jews left Poland. It's reasonable to say that this (which would be about 18,882 per year) may be an underestimate. It's completely unreasonable to say that the real per year number was 100,000 (based again, on a single source), meaning the Polish government failed to notice 80% of Jewish emigrants. That's absurd. There is uncertainty, there is not remotely that level of uncertainty. The fact that Sanning doesn't even mention the extremely high rate of unregistered Jewish births (compared to gentiles) makes his fertility estimates worthless.
The manipulated results of the Soviet census were presented in public at the party congresses for propaganda purposes. There's no comparison to NKVD deportation data that was only unearthed in the 90s.
I had to read this a couple of times because... of course I agree that there is a clear motivation for hiding the toll of famine and repression. But if there was famine and repression experienced by the large numbers of Jews who fled Poland to the Soviet Union ahead of the German advance (very reasonable to assume and widely reported by mainstream sources), there would be a motivation to transfigure those people to be victims of Nazi gas chambers instead of dead in camps in Siberia. Particularly if numbers of those people were, as reported, forcefully deported.
Sanning doesn't rely on this assumption of NKVD data mainpulation, but he's proven motive and opportunity for the NKVD to lie (if you can't trust the NKVD, who can you trust?!). There was a motivation for NKVD to downplay the number of Jews deported to the Soviet Interior- foremast because they were claiming that the Germans murdered millions of Jews in "factories of death" in Majdanek and Auschwitz. Downplaying the number of Jews that fled to their custody would support those allegations and avert attention from the treatment of those Jews who fled to the Soviet Union.
The mainstream openly sidesteps this issue by saying, even if large numbers of Jews were deported to Siberia and died there, those should still count as Holocaust victims. You can make a moral argument for that, but it still hurts the case for the presumed extermination of 3 million Jews in gas chambers disguised as shower rooms.
In internal NKVD documents that no one but Soviet officials were ever supposed to see? Your contention is essentially that the NKVD fudged these numbers so that fifty years later, after the fall of the Soviet Union they could be used to support the historicity of the Holocaust.
You're right, because this data wasn't available yet when Sanning wrote his book, and it shows the number of Jewish deportees into the Soviet interior to have been not much more than 100,000, and very likely less. This is a big problem for Sanning because he needs the number to be in the range of 600,000, but this is disproven by NKVD data, which was produced for the eyes of the NKVD (so not for the purpose of propagandizing anyone), and which there is subsequently little reason to distrust on this point.
But to stay on point, Sanning has 100,000 Jews leaving Poland every year between 1933 and 1939. The Polish government, as Sanning admits, says more like 19,000 (generously, actually a bit less). Marcus' book, drawing on the contemporary statistics of the Jewish Agency for Palestine and other sources, says about 17,000, which is in line with the estimates of the Polish government. Sanning's estimates are a massive outlier, though unfortunately I can't find his source online to see if he's even presenting it honestly, and also don't make any sense when you consider the extremely strict immigration policies of the United States (which would have been the second most popular destination for Polish Jews after Palestine).
The total emigration from Poland in total from 1931 to 1938 was about 500,000. Sanning would need every one of these to be Jews, but in fact most were gentile Poles working abroad. Jews were only 20% of this number, and this over several years. Polish Jewish emigration to other European countries per year was very low, and in no year after 1933 did it even rise above 1,000 people. The majority of Jews who left Poland in the 30s went to Palestine, and their numbers are well accounted for. About 68,000 between 1931 and 1939. Much less than that went elsewhere. France and the Benelux countries, the other main destinations for Polish Jews, were only receiving a few hundred Jews (Jews total, so not just Polish Jews) per year from 1931 to 1934. From '34 to 1939, this shrank to a few dozens per year. There is absolutely no room for 100,000 Jewish emigrants from Poland a year. The estimate of 3,000,000+ Polish Jews on the eve of the war remains well-founded, while Sanning's numbers are completely baseless.
The majority of the documents pertaining to Jewish transports are said to have been destroyed by the SS to hide their crimes, and only a few remain. So you accuse the SS of a coverup of deportation documentation right before you say the NKVD would never do such a thing. You are ultimately relying on data from the NKVD, and the fact is there is uncertainty that comes with relying so heavily on that source, especially given the fact that it's confirmed the NKVD was used in the manipulation of population data for propaganda purposes.
You are also assuming a "hard break" between the NKVD and Russian intelligence. Russia let go of the Katyn Forest lie, that doesn't mean they would let go of the Holocaust lie and air the dirty laundry of the NKVD on that front.
Sanning cites a different mainstream source with a higher estimate. There's variance and uncertainty, that's the entire point.
Mainstream historiography argues there was much secrecy about the Holocaust even within internal top-secret documents in the SS. Globocnik's direct, top-secret report to Himmler on Aktion Reinhardt makes no mention or allusion whatsoever to any extermination in the General Government, and only mentions resettlement.
If Germany won the war, and the SS archives were eventually opened up, would you take all the surviving documents at face value? Would you assume the SS would faithfully retain the documentation of their crimes? Particularly if they were involved in crimes they had successfully pinned on the Soviets? Historians refuse to take SS documents at face-value as-is, saying that they used "coded language" in their own top-secret communication to each other.
But there's a clear situational difference, isn't there? SS officers were facing a situation where the regime their served was imminently facing destruction, with the prospect being that the entire country would be occupied and they themselves, unless they died, would be captured by enemy troops and would face some sort of a reckoning. If you were a NKVD officer working outside the German-occupied zone then in all probability you wouldn't have faced this after 1942, and it's arguable whether you would have faced this before this, either, as there probably never was a prospect of the Germans literally and physically occupying the entire territory of the Soviet Union.
They could certainly be used for historical research without any requirement at taking them at face value. After all, we do that already (the Korherr report). We don't need to take NKVD records at a face value, either, they could contain errors (with potentials for both over- and undercounting the afflicted persons), as records are wont to do - but "not taking them at face value" is different from just declaring them altogether invalid as a source because "it's NKVD and of course they lie" and then declaring that the more valid source is, essentially, a secondary source based on guesswork and anecdotes.
All Soviet deportations of nations are well documented in archives.
Modern organized bureaucratic state runs on paper, you simply cannot move millions of people without generating lots of paperwork.
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