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Notes -
I have been absolutely addicted to the song "Golden" from k-pop demon hunters on Netflix.
I'm not the only one, apparently it's a huge chart topper.
The story of the lead vocalist is pretty fascinating. She was part of some k-pop training academy but they never launched her career cuz she was "too old" 7 years ago. She left them and went into composing songs. She was good at that, got some of her songs picked up by other famous k-pop groups and then got tapped to write the songs for the k-pop demon hunters movie. Well she was demoing the songs for the studio, and they thought "you sound great" so she got the lead role. Now she is the biggest (maybe second biggest) k-pop star ever.
The group just recently did their first live performance on jimmy Kimmel.
I knew the songs were big online, but I was still surprised to hear one of the other neighborhood moms singing "Golden" to herself while we were cleaning up after a recent block party.
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It sounds to me like one of these songs that parody a genre by ticking every box. Designed to be perfect, but disturbingly generic. Like a "house style" PonyXL face.
That's the movie's whole shtick. It's the emotional equivalent of ludicrously empty calories. This takes real skill to accomplish, and I'm genuinely impressed with how well the movie and the music really present as the apotheosis of pop. It's the perfect emotional dessert--utterly devoid of nutritive value.
This sounds like something a Douglas Coupland's character would say.
Generation X, baby.
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I started watching Xavier Renegade Angel, perhaps because mosquitoes laid eggs in my brain. It's... something. Each episode makes me feel like I'm on drugs, or that I would benefit from being on drugs. I'm not sure if it's the best or worst thing I've ever watched.
My husband made me watch an episode of that show once, and I vote worst.
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Another incident of political violence happened on Sunday. A man attempted to bomb members of the Supreme Court while they attended a traditional start-of-term Mass at St. Matthews Cathedral in DC. We can quibble a bit about his motives, but it's being reported that his manifesto included animosity towards the Supreme Court, Catholics, Jews and ICE.
Now, you may be wondering if I posted this in the wrong thread, but I did not because this plot was so utterly fucking stupid and inept that I'm not even mad about it. It's just hilarious from start to finish.
The Gang Bombs the Supreme Court
Louis Geri of New Jersey, on the morning of Sunday October 5th, set up a tent outside the cathedral, because he was already banned from the cathedral. I have never heard of someone being banned from a cathedral, and can't find any reporting about why he was banned, but I maintain high hopes that the story is delightfully stupid.
The police, attempting to clear the area ahead of a mass that was to be attended by sitting SC justices, told Geri he had to leave and remove his tent. Geri replied, “You might want to stay back and call the federales, I have explosives.” Quoting that article,
From another article:
Friends, this is some actual Charlie Day level shit right here. "Officer- no, officer, you can't arrest me! I called time out pee break! You can't- you can't arrest a guy after he calls pee break! What am I supposed to pee in my tent?"
He had "200" "explosive devices", but many of them were just fireworks he rolled in thermite, and others were just vials of nitro rubber-banded to what I'm guessing were the most ghetto detonators ever built.
I am just in awe of this mans dedication to executive disfunction. I honestly think I could have planned, built and executed a better attack when I was twelve. Pitting Geri against the DC Metropolitan police is just unfair; as a foe, he's more in the range of being an antagonist for a Wolf Scout den. But that would cause it's own nightmare scenario, because Geri is a sex offender:
Again, not even mad, this guy is just amazing.
Those two sentences tell me everything I need to know about his executive functioning.
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How do you get smart enough to manufacture thermite and nitro, plus detonators, but not smart enough to realise that you're going to get arrested when you leave them behind to take a piss in front of police officers? Serious question. Is it just that mental illness affects different cognitive capacities differently?
If I google "nitromethane" I get two sales links among the results; apparently reputable racing and model racing leagues think it's too dangerous to allow, but it's not banned for private use? Well, either that or the two shops were Fuel Booster Inc and All Top Fuels and either would be happy to rush a team of "salesmen" to my house after I placed an order.
Thermite is basically powered aluminum mixed with powdered rust, isn't it? I once considered a demo for my kids, and at that time IIRC the only obstacle to getting everything off Amazon was that the smallest sizes for sale would make for a lot of demos. I'm not sure how it would be useful for a would-be murderer, though, unless the target can be convinced to stand in a specific spot under a prepared mixture and then not look up when they hear sparks flying above their head.
Proper detonators I've heard are difficult to make, but any crazy person can make something they think is a detonator, if it never ends up getting tested.
I wonder if the plan (to the extent that any of this can be called a plan) was to throw the nitro, and then remotely ignite it with the thermite-tipped bottle rockets.
That's something I might have come up with when I was 10.
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Court opinion:
An officer finds a woman asleep in her still-running car in a parking lot. When roused, the woman appears to be intoxicated, and admits that she used methamphetamine 16 hours ago. The officer arrests her and takes her to a hospital for a blood test.
At the hospital, the woman consents to the blood test. However, after four failed attempts to draw blood, she withdraws consent due to the pain. The officer gets a warrant and the woman cooperates with a fifth, nonconsensual attempt to draw blood, but that attempt also fails. (Some cursory searching indicates that (according to various reputable-looking sources, including this paywalled standard) the normal maximum number of attempts is three.) The woman refuses to cooperate with any further attempted blood draws. She offers to take a urine test, but the officer doesn't take her up on that offer.
The woman is convicted of driving while intoxicated (sentence six months of jail with the possibility of parole after three days) and obstruction of justice (sentence two years of probation concurrent with the jail time; the appeals panel notes that this appears to make no sense). However, the appeals panel vacates the obstruction conviction (and remands for resentencing).
RSMeans is an authoritative source of cost-estimation data for construction contractors in the US (and Canada). The current residential dataset costs about 0.5 k$/a in paper or 1 k$/a online. However, a paper copy for year 2019—just before the pandemic produced a paradigm shift in construction costs—can be purchased for just 25 dollars. Even if such an old version cannot be used for current cost estimates, it still is interesting to look at for comparison purposes.
For example: Let's say I want to build a house for seven occupants. I have three designs.
One-story: 1182 ft2, three bedroom+bathroom suites
1.5-story (finished attic under steep roof): 1560 ft2, one bedroom+bathroom suite on floor 1, two bedroom+bathroom suites on floor 2
Two-story: 1541 ft2, one bathroom on floor 1, three bedroom+bathroom suites on floor 2
The book indicates that the second story of the two-story design can be built in three different ways—above ground (standard), below ground (finished basement), or halfway below ground (bi-level). That yields five different cost estimates.
One-story: 1182 ft2 × (115.45 base* + 4.95 for air conditioning) $/ft2 + 2 extra bathrooms × 6489 $/extra bathroom = 155 k$
1.5-story: 1560 ft2 × (111.3 base + 3.69 for air conditioning) $/ft2 + 2 extra bathrooms × 6489 $/extra bathroom = 192 k$ (+24 %)
Two-story, standard: 1541 ft2 × (111.55 base + 3.01 for air conditioning) $/ft2 + 3 extra bathrooms × 6489 $/extra bathroom = 196 k$ (+26 %)
Two-story, finished basement: 770 ft2** × (135.5 base + 31.7 for finished basement + 4.95 for air conditioning***) $/ft2 + 3 extra bathrooms × 6489 $/extra bathroom = 152 k$ (−2 %)
Two-story, bi-level: 1541 ft2 × (103.25 base + 3.01 for air conditioning) $/ft2 + 3 extra bathrooms × 6489 $/extra bathroom = 183 k$ (+18 %)
So, according to this dataset, moving all the bedrooms into the basement has approximately the same cost as keeping them on the ground floor. (Beyond cost considerations, having a smaller footprint on the plan view may free up space under the "maximum impervious coverage" prescribed by the local zoning or environmental regulations, while sticking to a single story may be preferable from a long-term "aging in place" perspective. But cost still is an important factor that one should consider.)
Of course, the highly simplified numbers demonstrated above are open to question. (Does it really make sense that putting the bedroom floor halfway below ground is significantly more expensive than putting it all the way below ground?) But the book is divided into four main sections:
96 pages of uncomplicated per-square-foot prices, as demonstrated above (including materials, installation, and contractor's overhead and profit)
186 pages of moderately complicated per-assembly prices (cost per yd3 of excavation, per ft2 of 2×6 wall, per water heater, etc.; including materials and installation)
384 pages of very complicated per-unit prices (cost per ft of 2″×4″ stud, per ft2 of sheathing, per yd3 of concrete, per acre of topographical survey, etc.)
82 pages of reference: equipment-rental costs, crew listings (e. g., a topographical-survey crew consists of a chief, an instrument man, one or two rod men, and an electronic level, for 954–1232 $/d if employed or 1550–2008 $/d if subcontracted), location factors (e. g., multiply prices for materials and installation by 1.21 in Newark, NJ, or by 0.92 in Wilkes-Barre, PA), reference tables (state sales tax rates, state workers' compensation insurance rates, typical architectural fees, etc.), estimating forms
So, a dilettante who doesn't trust the per-square-foot prices can dig deeper into the per-assembly prices, and a true contractor can use the per-unit prices. I'm too lazy to go any further here, though.
*The base $/ft2 number is taken from a list of numbers that decrease as area increases—e. g., from 150.15 $/ft2 at 600 ft2 to 82.2 $/ft2 at 3200 ft2. This list can be approximated with a quadratic equation in a spreadsheet—e. g., 28.55 $/ft2 + 3052 $/ft ÷ √(area) − 1482 $ ÷ area—but I have not done that in this example. There are separate lists based on quality (economy, average, custom, luxury), story count (1-story, 1.5-story, 2-story, 2.5-story, 3-story, bi-level, tri-level), and material (wood studs + wood siding, wood studs + brick veneer, wood studs + stone veneer, painted concrete block, solid brick, solid stone).
**The book's estimating procedure is based on the non-basement living area, even if the basement is finished.
***The book does not give a separate number for adding air conditioning to the finished basement. If I naively double the number that it gives for adding air conditioning to the non-basement living area, the final cost is 156 k$ (+1 %).
/r/hailcorporate
I wonder who was trying to do the draw. In my state, many officers are supposedly trained to be phlebotomists and will do the draw themselves, but once at a hospital, it's usually staff.
Not that staff are necessarily better. I have ridiculously prominent veins and I've had them screw up so badly (during a blood donation) that they gave up and tried the other arm, only to also screw that one up. I went home with a bandage on each arm and no blood donation.
The opinion says:
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I guess your calculations are just for fun? What kind of living situation are you envisioning where such high density is required, but you are able to get what look like relatively modest building costs?
In an modest sized city or inner suburb of a larger city 2-1/2 level town homes or even 5-over-1 stumpies seems like the more common solution to medium density moderate cost housing. In exurbs or rural areas pre-fab is more typical of small home lower cost housing. To make new construction marketable, you would be talking about like factors of 2-3x on square footage for anything that would actually sell to a seven person household market.
The HVAC costs also look suspect for meeting current ASHRAE guidelines for 7 occupants. To have decent air quality for seven people in a house that small you are talking about 4-5x the total HVAC cost you have estimated here. Probably a dedicated enthalpy recovery ventilator, dehumidifier, and roughly 2x sized HVAC unit than would normally be used for a 1200 ft2 house. You also would need to scale up other mechanicals if you are going to house seven, like electrical service, hot water heater, sound isolation, etc. Square footage also need to be allocated for mechanicals if you assume you are occupying the basement and/or attic. If ducting and plumbing is going to be run between floors, you also need to a assume extra cost for engineered open web flooring trusses. That or oversized basement walls so you can drop the ceiling, again additional cost over the per ft2 pricing for typical construction used here.
Is the idea two parents and five kids? A decent number of municipalities wouldn't even allow seven non-related people to occupy a single family residence. I know people do it, but asking three kids to share a 10x10 room is a lot by modern American standards. There aren't that many people who want to actually live out Little House on the Prairie anymore. More power to you if you're serious about raising five kids, that's truely excptional in this era.
Even people who are into smaller houses for efficiency/environmental reason like the "pretty good house" people are talking about:
You're talking about 1182 ft2 for 7 inhabitants!
For your two-story finished basement example, probably a reverse living layout makes sense. Don't forget each bedroom would then require an escape well then though, which will substantially increase basement construction costs. That's a lot of extra form and mason work. I wouldn't be surprised by a $30k delta on cost even without the escape wells. For basements you have the extra concrete yardage of the basement walls including structural considerations for the extra back-fill pressure, extra excavation and haul away work, workers now have to set up ladders or scaffolding to get into the hole, extra below ground rated waterproofing, extra below ground rated insulation, extra water mitigation measures (you're closer to the water table), extra radon mitigation measures (you're closer to bedrock), etc, etc. Like the size of excavator the contractor will have to use is easily 2x the cost of ownership to the contractor.
Edit: I see you're estimate was that a finished basement is cheaper than the split level. This is entirely down to your assumption that you can halve the footprint square-footage. Practically speaking, if you are going to use a basement for bedrooms you should assume only 1/2 of the building footprint is usable in the basement for that kind of purpose. You're going to need redundant sump-pump wells if you are going to be putting finished bedroom space down there to start. The costs also obviously don't just scale, but have at least a constant component. Like if a contractor is going to haul a medium sized excavator out to a job site you're going to pay for at least a whole day regardless of the square-footage of the hole they are digging.
Yes. (I've already hired a contractor to build a house, nominally for five occupants but actually for only two.)
I don't see why a person can't build a small house in a cheap area. It's what I'm doing.
More specifically: In the per-assembly section, the book says that, for a 1200-ft2 house in year 2019, a cooling system costs 5.8 k$, while a heating/cooling system costs 11.6 k$. The number given is per ft2, not per occupant.
If you look at the designs, I have provided a laundry/utility room for the furnace (in addition to the washer, dryer, and circuit-breaker box).
These designs are compliant with the 2024 International Property Maintenance Code, which prescribes minimum bedroom area of 70 ft2 for one occupant or 50 ft2 per occupant for multiple occupants. They exceed the IPMC's requirements for dining/living-room area.
I do think sketching floor plans is quite fun.
Where did you end up for final square footage? Closer to 1050 ft2 based on removing 120+ a bit ft2 from your smallest seven person design, closer to 1200 ft2 like your seven person design / scaled larger design, 1500 ft2 like the PGH 2 persion target, or 1875 like the PGH 4+ person target, even smaller since it's actually for only two?
I'm very much in favor of building the design of house you want with the best quality materials you can afford, even at the tradeoff of square footage. Provided, that is, resale does not have to be a consideration. Unfortunately, square footage is the most dominant factor in sale price. For most of the housing market , price and price/ft2 seem to be the dominant considerations.
If you've actually signed for a custom built, you probably know better than me, but I always though custom would be a 20-30% premium over a spec-built house, which would be a 10-20% premium over a tract house, which would be a 20-30% premium over a prefab. I'd be interested to know what the final premium is over just dropping a same bed/bath cheap trailer on your lot ends up being. I would rather live in a small custom than a trailer, but I assume most people living in small homes in cheap areas are doing it because it's cheap, rather than aesthetic preference.
I did see the utility rooms in your plans. It's pretty generous for a washer drier, but I imagine pretty tight if you also need to fit an air handler, return, ERV, and 80 gallon hot water heater. You could make everyone take cold showers or pay the premium for an instantaneous hot water heather though I guess.
The square footage based HVAC calculation probably assumes average bedrooms/people per square foot. If you are following IRC you would at least need it to be based off of bedrooms. I'm pretty sure that table is based off of ASHRAE 62.2 though, and they just assumed 2 people in the master and 1 in each other bedrooms. I think ASHRAE probably prefers HVAC techs to use their (person + ft2) calculation if you actually intend to occupy at very high densities. I don't particularly mind a small space, but small and stuffy sounds very unpleasant.
If you're referring to the design that I'm actually having built, I went with the third drawing in this image.
744 ft2: Most efficient, but has the kitchen in an L-shaped position that IMO is awkward in juxtaposition with the highly linear dining/living room
793 ft2: Less efficient, but looks better; unfortunately can't fit into my lot's 35-foot-wide buildable area without rotation
873 ft2: Final choice; originally drawn by the contractor's drafter, redrawn by me here
857 ft2: A less ugly design, centered on a corridor rather than on a dining/living room, presented for comparison purposes
RSMeans says similar things. For a 1000-ft2 one-story house, the 2019 numbers are:
Economy: 124.3 $/ft2
Average: 144.55 $/ft2 (+16 % vs. economy)
Custom: 198.65 $/ft2 (+37 % vs. average, +60 % vs. economy)
Luxury: 233.9 $/ft2 (+17 % vs. custom, +88 % vs. economy)
I signed a contract to build my 873-ft2 design for 221 k$ (253 $/ft2) including driveway and fence. Due to a miscommunication, the contractor also offered a price of 193 k$ (221 $/ft2) not including driveway and fence. This probably is a waste of money in comparison to just buying a manufactured house (or perhaps obtaining a modular implementation of the 857-ft2 design), but I wanted to splurge on implementing my own design, since I'll be living in it for 50 years.
Possibly, but I assumed the use of forced air in these designs just for simplicity, to align with the book's default assumptions. If I were actually having these houses built, I would use ductless heat-pump HVAC rather than forced air, freeing up a lot of space.
Not mentioned in the book's per-square-foot numbers is default window area. I generally would put 4-foot-wide windows everywhere (2 feet tall in bathrooms, 3 feet tall in kitchen, 4 feet tall elsewhere), which would more than suffice for the IPMC's light/ventilation requirements.
I had an apartment with almost the same layout as your build. Very functional and reasonably comfortable for two. Of course we only had windows on one side, unlike your build. We did host another couple for a total of four for a while, and it was fine. Probably could have squeezed another person in if needed. I wouldn't want to live that way long term, but seems very reasonable for two for now, hosting up to five.
Given current construction prices and the size of your build, you either got a great deal or live in the middle of nowhere or both. If you really are staying for a while, I think the splurge is worth it. We can't all build a Monticello, but there's something to be said for living in a house of your own design.
Opening a window is a good option for ventilation as long as the weather is good and there's not too much outdoor pollution. Unfortunately the number of places that have good weather most of the year, don't have wildfire smoke or car exhaust outside, and are affordable is pretty small. For a house that small though, you probably are fine with just exhaust fans and some makeup air to a small air handler. The extra energy cost over an ERV/HRV is probably pretty small given the small square footage.
The 2019 RSMeans book indicates that the cost multiplier of my new house's location is 0.92. (Some states have locations as low as 0.74.)
It's an interesting idea. I see that, according to the Architectural Graphic Standards for Residential Design: "Most new residences are too tightly constructed to provide adequate leakage ventilation. Therefore, manual and mechanical ventilation are recommended."
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It's very rare that I would ever say that, but the meth user seems to have been more than reasonable there.
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Man, I remember when I was trying to give blood one time, but I was dehydrated so my veins kept collapsing. I think they might have tried 3 times before they said I simply cannot give blood that day. You'd think it wouldn't be that bad, but for whatever reason the relatively minor pain inflicted on my arm left me woozy, nauseous and I'd broke into a cold sweat. They wouldn't let me leave until I'd recovered. There is some kind of extra shit going on when it comes to your veins.
Absolutely.
I used to get real close to passing out even from the briefest of blood samples. Turns out the secret was just not looking at the needle. Doesn’t matter if I’m otherwise distracted, if the nurse has a hard time finding the vein, whatever. As long as I don’t see the needle in my arm I’m fine now. Magic.
We used to volunteer at a blood drive every year for scouts, and every year this guy would show up and pass out. Every year. Without fail. But he showed up. I still think of him.
I was deeply amused when I needed stitches on my lip after a BJJ mishap that despite the amount of pain being clearly less than I endure during BJJ, I was squirming and whimpering like a bitch to avoid the needle. while in the gym or working on a car I will voluntarily take larger quantities of pain without comment, I'm a whiner for needles.
I could never get large tattoos.
That reminds me of the time I sliced my toe open. I go to the hospital to get it stitched up, and the lady tells me I should lie back. Being in my early 20's and cocky as fuck, I go "It can't hurt worse than when I sliced it open, right?"
She just looks at me, gives up arguing, goes "Whatever" and gets to work.
She got about 1/3rd of the way through just numbing it before I tapped out and had to lay down, sweating bullets and nauseous as fuck.
Though I did remove them myself a few weeks later with some nail clippers and pliers.
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Yeah, I do that too for run of the mill blood draws. Yearly physicals, stuff like that.
But man, when things go off the rails and some inexperienced nurse really has to start poking around, no amount of not looking seems to help.
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